Connecting each activity in the construction programme to the model elements it builds, so the sequence can be watched, checked and explained before it happens on site.
4D planning links the construction programme (time) to the 3D model, so each activity shows the elements it installs. Played back, the model "builds itself" in the planned order. That makes it easy to see what the bar chart hides: a crane that has nothing to lift for a week, two trades in the same zone at the same time, a slab poured before the services that pass through it.
The programme and the model must agree on how the job is divided. If the planner schedules "Level 3 slab, pour 2" but the model has one slab for the whole level, nothing can be linked. Teams agree a location breakdown (building, level, zone, pour) and a work breakdown (substructure, frame, envelope, services first fix…), then:
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