A delivery model in which the owner, designers and builder sign one multi-party agreement and share risk and reward, usually with a shared office (the big room) and a shared model.
Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) is a way of contracting and running a project in which the owner, the lead designers and the main builder, often with key trade contractors, sign a single multi-party agreement. Their profit is tied to the outcome of the whole project rather than to their own part, and decisions are taken together from early design. IPD grew in the United States in the 2000s and is closely linked with lean construction and shared models.
IPD is used mainly on complex buildings for owners who want early involvement of builders and trades, such as hospitals and laboratories. The shared model is central: trades model their own systems early, coordination happens in the big room, and the model is used directly for fabrication. Many more projects borrow parts of IPD (early contractor involvement, co-location, shared incentives) without the full agreement; these are often called "IPD-ish" or alliance approaches.
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